HERNIA

Introduction

Hernia is an atypical protrusion of inner organs via an atypical starting withinside the wall of the cavity.A mixture of multiplied stress in the frame with weak spot withinside the wall is answerable for this circumstance.In this circumstance inner organs or elements of organs are protruded out forming a swelling so that it will boom the scale with coughing and lifting weight,and whilst passing stool and urine.In mendacity down role the swelling is going internal besides in strangulated and irreducible hernia.

Causes:-

1) Weakness withinside the frame wall:-

a) Congenital weak spot.

b) Acquired weak spot because of injuries,losing of muscle mass,suppurative lesions withinside the wall and presence of susceptible herbal openings,obesity,loss of exercise,repeated pregnancy.

c) Surgical operation with wrong suturing or sepsis of operated webweb page.

2) Increased stress in the frame.

a) Chronic constipation.

b) Recurrent cough.

c) Weight lifting.

d) Stricture of urethra.

Common webweb sites for hernia:--

Hernia can occure everywhere withinside the frame.However there are a few not unusualplace webweb sites for hernia.Due to the presence of tough bony overlaying chest wall is generally now no longer affected.Hernia withinside the decrease lower back is likewise uncommon because of backbone and lower back muscle mass and hard ligaments and sheeths.The not unusualplace webweb page for hernia is stomach wall.Compared to different elements the stomach wall is susceptible because of the presence of a few herbal orifices.There are a few regions in which the stomach muscle mass are weaker and skinny and these kind of elements make a risk for herniation.The not unusualplace webweb sites for hernia are following.

a) Inguinal hernia:

Here the stomach contents protrude via the inguinal canal (passage withinside the decrease stomach wall simply above the inguinal ligament.It is visible on both facet).This kind is not unusualplace in males.Initially the swelling comes simplest whilst straining and is going lower back whilst mendacity down. Later the huge part of gut may also pop out which won't pass lower back easily.

b) Femoral hernia:

This kind of hernia is extra in females.Here the stomach contents byskip via the femoral canal that's visible simply under the junction among the thigh and decrease stomach wall(Inside the femoral triangle).The contents byskip downwards and springs out via saphenous starting withinside the thigh and bureaucracy a swelling below the skin.

c) Umbilical hernia:

This is not unusualplace in children.The umbilicus is the weaker a part of the stomach.The contents of the stomach may also protrude as a bulb like swelling whilst crying and defecating.

d) Incisional hernia:

These hernias are visible in operated webweb sites. Due to wrong suturing or sepsis the operated webweb page turns into susceptible ensuing in hernia.

e) Epigastric hernia:

Here the hearniation occures withinside the epigastrium. It is a unprecedented kind.

f) Lumbar hernia:

Here the hernia seem withinside the lumbar location on both facet of the lumbar backbone(withinside the lumbar triangle).This is likewise a unprecedented kind.

g) Obturator hernia:

This is a unprecedented kind of hernia. Here the contents byskip via obturator foramen withinside the pelvic bone.

Complications of hernia:--

1) Strangulation:

If the hernial orifice is slim the stomach contents won't pass lower back easily, and later the blood go with the drift to the herniated tissues can be blocked because of constricition.This can reason dying of protruded gut.

2) Intestinal obstruction:

This occures whilst the entire part of the gut is protruded in to the hernial sac. The slim hernial orifice will block the passage of bowels.

3) Infection and peritonitis:

If there may be strangulation with dying of a part of gut there can be unfold of contamination to the stomach ensuing in peritonitis.

Treatment of hernia:--

Initial treatment: In the preliminary levels of hernia the subsequent steps can be useful

1) Use of hernia belt:

Special kinds of hernia belts are to be had for every kind of heania.This will save you the protrusion and could lessen pain.

2) Constipation,recurrent cough,urinary obstruction ect have to be treated.

3) Fat discount will boom the power of stomach wall.

4) Abdominal physical activities to boom the muscle tone.

5) Take lots of leafy vegetables, culmination and fibrous eating regimen for smooth bowel movements.

6) Try different structures like Homoeopathy,Herbal remedy and ect

If no comfort through the above steps seek advice from a popular healthcare professional for surgical management.

Surgical treatment.

The following operations are performed relying up on the kind and nature of hernia.

1) Hertniotomy : 

In this operation the contents of hernial sac is driven in to the stomach and neck of the sac is ligated with transfixion ligature and the sac is reduce off.

2) Herniorrhaphy: 

Here together with herniotomy the posterior wall is repaired.

3) Hernioplasty: 

This operation is performed if herniotomy isn't viable because of huge neck of the sac.Here the restore is performed with the healp of non absorbable substances like tantalum gauze,polypropylene mesh or stainless-steel mesh.